Detailed Study of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, Canto 10: The Summum Bonum Chapter Fifty-Three: Kṛṣṇa Kidnaps Rukmiṇī

 ŚB 10.53.4

श्रीशुक उवाच
उद्वाहर्क्षं च विज्ञाय रुक्‍मिण्या मधुसूदन: ।
रथ: संयुज्यतामाशु दारुकेत्याह सारथिम् ॥ ४ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca
udvāharkṣaṁ ca vijñāya
rukmiṇyā madhusūdanaḥ
rathaḥ saṁyujyatām āśu
dārukety āha sārathim

Synonyms

śrī-śukaḥ uvācaŚukadeva Gosvāmī said; udvāhaof the wedding; ṛkṣamthe lunar asterism (the measurement that fixes the exact auspicious time); caand; vijñāyaknowing; rukmiṇyāḥof Rukmiṇī; madhusūdanaḥLord Kṛṣṇa; rathaḥthe chariot; saṁyujyatāmshould be readied; āśuimmediately; dārukaO Dāruka; itithus; āhaHe said; sārathimto His driver.

Translation

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Lord Madhusūdana also understood the exact lunar time for Rukmiṇī’s wedding. Thus He told His driver, “Dāruka, ready My chariot immediately.”

Purport my MGDAS

Here we can see that Lord Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is follwoing the moon calendar. For more info on the moon calendar please go to: The Glories of Purusottama Month (puruṣottama-māsa).

ŚB 10.53.5

स चाश्वै: शैब्यसुग्रीवमेघपुष्पबलाहकै: ।
युक्तं रथमुपानीय तस्थौ प्राञ्जलिरग्रत: ॥ ५ ॥

sa cāśvaiḥ śaibya-sugrīva-
meghapuṣpa-balāhakaiḥ
yuktaṁ ratham upānīya
tasthau prāñjalir agrataḥ

Synonyms

saḥhe, Dāruka; caand; aśvaiḥwith the horses; śaibya-sugrīva-meghapuṣpa-balāhakaiḥnamed Śaibya, Sugrīva, Meghapuṣpa and Balāhaka; yuktamyoked; rathamthe chariot; upānīyabringing; tasthaustood; prāñjaliḥwith palms joined in reverence; agrataḥin front.

Translation

Dāruka brought the Lord’s chariot, yoked with the horses named Śaibya, Sugrīva, Meghapuṣpa and Balāhaka. He then stood before Lord Kṛṣṇa with joined palms.

ŚB 10.53.6

आरुह्य स्यन्दनं शौरिर्द्विजमारोप्य तूर्णगै: ।
आनर्तादेकरात्रेण विदर्भानगमद्धयै: ॥ ६ ॥

āruhya syandanaṁ śaurir
dvijam āropya tūrṇa-gaiḥ
ānartād eka-rātreṇa
vidarbhān agamad dhayaiḥ

Synonyms

āruhyamounting; syandanamHis chariot; śauriḥLord Kṛṣṇa; dvijamthe brāhmaṇa; āropyaplacing (on the chariot); tūrṇa-gaiḥ(who were) swift; ānartātfrom the district of Ānarta; ekasingle; rātreṇain a night; vidarbhānto the Vidarbha kingdom; agamatwent; hayaiḥwith His horses.

Translation

Lord Śauri mounted His chariot and had the brāhmaṇa do likewise. Then the Lord’s swift horses took them from the Ānarta district to Vidarbha in a single night.

Purport by MGDAS 

It is important to notice here that Dāruka did not mount the chariot of the Lord, yet prepared it nicely. Krsna went alone with the brāhmaṇa, who was asked by Rukmini to send her message to Krsna (ŚB 10.52.26), to travel to Dvaraka (ŚB 10.52.35). How exactly the brāhmaṇa messenger reached Dvaraka remains a mystery, which is acknowledged even by Lord Krsna: yatas tvam āgato durgaṁ nistīryeha - Whence have you come, crossing the impassable sea [?] (ŚB 10.52.35).

Furthermore the: ānartāt from the district of Ānarta; is simply another name for Dvaraka as confirmed by Sukadeva Gosvami in ŚB 1.11.1. How Lord Krsna and the brāhmaṇa travelled such a huge distance in only one night is not at all surprising as the Lord can do anything He likes, however it should be noted that the chariot is not an ordinary chariot, with ordinary horses.

ŚB 10.53.20-21

श्रुत्वैतद् भगवान् रामो विपक्षीयनृपोद्यमम् । 
कृष्णं चैकं गतं हर्तुं कन्यां कलहशङ्कित: ॥ २० ॥ 
बलेन महता सार्धं भ्रातृस्‍नेहपरिप्लुत: । 
त्वरित: कुण्डिनं प्रागाद् गजाश्वरथपत्तिभि: ॥ २१ ॥

śrutvaitad bhagavān rāmo
vipakṣīya nṛpodyamam
kṛṣṇaṁ caikaṁ gataṁ hartuṁ
kanyāṁ kalaha-śaṅkitaḥ

balena mahatā sārdhaṁ
bhrātṛ-sneha-pariplutaḥ
tvaritaḥ kuṇḍinaṁ prāgād
gajāśva-ratha-pattibhiḥ

Synonyms

śrutvāhearing; etatthis; bhagavān rāmaḥLord Balarāma; vipakṣīyainimical; nṛpaof the kings; udyamamthe preparations; kṛṣṇamLord Kṛṣṇa; caand; ekamalone; gatamgone; hartumto take away; kanyāmthe bride; kalahaa fight; śaṅkitaḥfearing; balenaa force; mahatāmighty; sārdhamtogether with; bhrātṛfor His brother; snehain affection; pariplutaḥimmersed; tvaritaḥswiftly; kuṇḍinamto Kuṇḍina; prāgātwent; gajawith elephants; aśvahorses; rathachariots; pattibhiḥand infantry.

Translation

When Lord Balarāma heard about these preparations of the inimical kings and how Lord Kṛṣṇa had set off alone to steal the bride, He feared that a fight would ensue. Immersed in affection for His brother, He hurried to Kuṇḍina with a mighty army consisting of infantry and of soldiers riding on elephants, horses and chariots.

Purport by MGDAS

The preparations mentioned here are described in ŚB 10.53.18-19: "[...] “If Kṛṣṇa comes here with Balarāma and the other Yadus to steal the bride, we shall band together and fight Him.” Thus those envious kings went to the wedding with their entire armies and a full complement of military conveyances." Thus Lord Balarama also came to the planned wedding.

    ŚB 10.53.28

अथ कृष्णविनिर्दिष्ट: स एव द्विजसत्तम: । 
अन्त:पुरचरीं देवीं राजपुत्रीं ददर्श ह ॥ २८ ॥

atha kṛṣṇa-vinirdiṣṭaḥ
sa eva dvija-sattamaḥ
antaḥpura-carīṁ devīṁ
rāja-putrīm dadarśa ha

Synonyms

athathen; kṛṣṇa-vinirdiṣṭaḥordered by Lord Kṛṣṇa; saḥthat; evavery; dvijaof learned brāhmaṇas; sat-tamaḥthe most pure; antaḥ-purawithin the inner palace; carīmstaying; devīmthe goddess, Rukmiṇī; rājaof the king; putrīmthe daughter; dadarśa hasaw.

Translation

Just then the purest of learned brāhmaṇas, following Kṛṣṇa’s order, came to see the divine Princess Rukmiṇī within the inner chambers of the palace.

Purport

According to Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī, Śrī Kṛṣṇa had reached the gardens outside the city, and out of concern for Rukmiṇī He had instructed the brāhmaṇa to tell her of His arrival.

    Purport by MGDAS

Here it is confirmed by Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī that the brāhmaṇa in this verse is the same messenger that was send by Rukmini as confirmed by sa eva dvija-sattamaḥ -  saḥthat; evavery; dvijaof learned brāhmaṇassat-tamaḥthe most pure that very same most pure of learned brāhmaṇas. This is important to note as it means that Lord Krsna was now alone driving His transcendental chariot.

ŚB 10.53.56

रथं समारोप्य सुपर्णलक्षणं
राजन्यचक्रं परिभूय माधव: ।
ततो ययौ रामपुरोगम: शनै:
श‍ृगालमध्यादिव भागहृद्धरि: ॥ ५६ ॥

rathaṁ samāropya suparṇa-lakṣaṇaṁ
rājanya-cakraṁ paribhūya mādhavaḥ
tato yayau rāma-purogamaḥ śanaiḥ
śṛgāla-madhyād iva bhāga-hṛd dhariḥ

Synonyms

rathamonto His chariot; samāropyalifting her; suparṇaGaruḍa; lakṣaṇamwhose mark; rājanyaof kings; cakramthe circle; paribhūyadefeating; mādhavaḥKṛṣṇa; tataḥfrom there; yayauwent; rāmaby Rāma; puraḥ-gamaḥpreceded; śanaiḥslowly; śṛgālaof jackals; madhyātfrom the midst; ivaas; bhāgahis portion; hṛtremoving; hariḥa lion.

Translation

Lifting the princess onto His chariot, whose flag bore the emblem of Garuḍa, Lord Mādhava drove back the circle of kings. With Balarāma in the lead, He slowly exited, like a lion removing his prey from the midst of jackals.

Purport by MGDAS

Here Srila Prabhupada explains, although not explicitly expressed in this verse, that Rukmini was driving the chariot. As we pointed out Daruka did not come with Krsna as Krsna was bringing the brāhmaṇa...

"A few days later some devotees from Los Angeles came and they were doing a play about Krishna kidnapping Rukmini. They had an issue because Rukmini was not Krishna's wife in real life. The script said that Krishna was supposed to pick Rukmini up by the hand to bring her up on His chariot. They were concerned that, "How could this man touch her hand if they were not married to each other?" When they asked Srila Prabhupada if it was okay, he gave an interesting response. He said, "Rukmini was no weak woman. She got on the chariot by herself and she was driving it while Krishna was shooting arrows off the back." That was his answer." From: Memories Anecdotes of a Modern Day Saint - Volume 4 by Siddhanta Dasa - You can hear a similar version of this story about Rukmini, as told by Rupa Vilasa Dasa on: Following Srila Prabhupada | DVD 7: timestamp: 1:34:02



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